The eyelid’s lacrimal apparatus and cornea
The eyelid’s lacrimal apparatus and cornea
1 The eyelids
A Are not covered with fine lanugo hairs
B Have three protective functions
C Contain three rows of cilia
D Contain medial and lateral tarsal plates
E Contain both the glands of Zeis and the Meibomian glands
2 Regarding eyelid movement
A Levator palpebrae superioris is innervated by VII
B Levator palpebrae superioris has skeletal muscle fibres only
C In blinking, the eyelid and globe move in opposite directions
D A tactile blink reflex involves V and VII
E The rate of blinking is independent of retinal stimulation
3 The tear film
A Has three layers
B The middle layer is from the Meibomian glands
C Is predominantly aqueous
D Suffers evaporative loss of 25%
E Becomes hypotonic with evaporation
4 The tears contain
A A glucose level that correlates with plasma glucose
B 60% Albumin
C 15% Locally produced immunoglobulin
D Less lysozyme in old age
E A pH of 6.3-6.7
5 Tear secretion
A Is always bilateral
B Ranges from 0.5 to 1.25 g during the day
C Can be measured using the Schirmer test
D Is normally equal in both eyes
E Has basic and reflex components
6 Regarding tear secretion
A The commonest cause of hypersecretion is psychogenic
B Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can cause hyper
secretion
C Sarcoidosis can cause hyposecretion
D Sensory input to the semilunar ganglion can cause hypersecretion
E Hyposecretion is always equal in both eyes
7 Tear elimination
A Is totally dependent on blinking
B Blinking moves tears nasally
C The nasolacnmal duct has an important role in active transport
D The Jones test can be used to investigate outflow failure
E Dacrocystography is used to investigate the lacrimal gland
8 The cornea
A Has a refractive index of 1.336
B Has a curvature that changes with age
C Becomes thinner with age
D Has a comparatively high temperature
E Is the most powerful refracting surface in the eye
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