Order Intelligence and Cognition in Adulthood

Order Intelligence and Cognition in Adulthood
Order Intelligence and Cognition in Adulthood
1. Who is the researcher who proposed that new roles, along with the corresponding needs and responsibilities, influence intellectual functioning and
therefore lead to changes in cognition?
(A) K. Warner Schaie
(B) Lawrence Kohlberg
(C) Lev Vygotsky
(D) Jean Piaget
2. The long-term study on adult intelligence emphasizing changes in cognitive processes as people age is the
(A) Theory of Moral Reasoning
(B) Study of Emerging Reflection
(C) Seattle Longitudinal Study
(D) Longitudinal Study of Intelligence and Aging
3. According to Schaie, __________________ and ________________
determine age-related changes in cognitive functioning.
(A) health and education
(B) health and career
(C) health and personality
(D) health and marital status
4. What is the stage of cognitive growth when newly acquired information is
vast and self-serving, not connected directly to long-term goals?
(A) Reintegration
(B) Acquisition
(C) Responsibility
(D) Executive
Order Intelligence and Cognition in Adulthood
5. Flexibility for problem solving and setting and planning goals are characteristic of the ___________________ stage.
(A) reintegration
(B) reorganization
(C) responsibility
(D) legacy-leaving
6. The stage in which older adults prioritize mental energy for important
events and daily activities is ______________________.
(A) reintegration
(B) reorganization
(C) responsibility
(D) legacy-leaving
7. What is the stage in which cognitive energies are focused on sharing memories and passing on knowledge for the approaching end-of-life transition?
(A) Reintegration
(B) Reorganization
(C) Responsibility
(D) Legacy-leaving
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
412. The ________________demonstrated that health and personality influence the absence or presence of age-related cognitive changes, differences,
as well as the magnitude.
413. Adult cognition grows in response to _____________________, in which
finding a solution to various problems in life requires a person to expand
his or her perspective.
414. Schaie explains that adolescent and young adult cognition shifts from
________________, gaining and storing a lot of information based on
one’s interest without accountability, to ________________________,
focusing on goals and planning for long-range roles and dealing with the
consequences of decisions.
415. Schaie proposed that expectations and goals for adults vary because
_______________ have a strong influence on cognitive development at
every age.
416. Setting well-structured and practical goals is characteristic of adult cognition in the ______________________ stage.
Cognitive Theories and Perspectives ‹ 99
417. In the __________________ stage, emphasis is placed on sharing memories and passing on knowledge in hopes to continue the meaningfulness of
one’s life into the next generation.
418. Particular transitions common within age groups create social norms that
influence goal pursuits. Transition and progression through the final stages
of Schaie’s model is determined by _______________.
Short-Answer Questions
Order Intelligence and Cognition in Adulthood
419. Describe activities characteristic of the acquisition and achieving stages that
prepare an adult for typical social roles in the responsibility stage.
420. Explain characteristics of the executive stage of Schaie’s theory on adult
cognition.
421. Explain Schaie’s perspective on the influences that bring changes in adult
thinking.
422. Explain a limitation of Schaie’s stage theory
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