Buy Thomas Hobbes and John Locke

Buy Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
Buy Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
1. According to Hobbes, humans agree to live according to certain social
rules in order to escape what he calls .
(A) sovereignty by acquisition
(B) the leviathan
(C) a state of tyranny
(D) a state of nature
(E) a social contract
2. Which of the following definitions is the aptest for describing social
contract theory in the context of political philosophy?
(A) The theory according to which legitimate political authority is derived
from the mutual consent of the governed
(B) The theory according to which laws are legitimate only if they are
explicitly consented to by the governed
(C) A model of government according to which the governing body
can be likened to the rational part of the human psyche
(D) An idealized model of government wherein the working class
is always fairly represented by individuals in the governing body
(E) The theory according to which legitimate monarchs must sign
a contract swearing obeisance to the will of the governed
3. According to Hobbes, absolute monarchy is the only viable form
of government because.
(A) government here on earth ought to be a reflection of government
in heaven, where God presides as absolute king over all creation
(B) it is the only form of government that demands absolute obedience
from its subjects
(C) people crave and need unquestioned leadership
(D) the only other alternative, democracy, depends for its survival
on the intelligence of the voters, which is not something we can
count on
(E) it is the only form of government not systematically prone
to dissolution through civil war
Political Philosophy ❮ 75
Buy Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
4. Hobbes is known for his description of a process whereby individuals
unite into political societies. This process is often described as entering
into a .
(A) social contract
(B) state of nature
(C) tacit consent
(D) condition of war
(E) politicization of states
5. The book in which Hobbes presents his influential political philosophy
is called .
(A) The Republic
(B) The Social Contract
(C) A Theory of Justice
(D) Leviathan
(E) Nicomachean Ethics
6. Which of the following is NOT one of the 12 principal rights had
by Hobbes’s absolute sovereign?
(A) To wage war as he sees fit
(B) Not to be put to death by his subjects
(C) To create civil and property laws
(D) Not to be prevented from changing the covenant that forms
the commonwealth
(E) To choose his counselors, ministers, magistrates, and officers
7. Which of the following best describes Locke’s view on the types
of government that are possible?
(A) Six types are possible: monarchy, tyranny, aristocracy, oligarchy,
democracy, and anarchy.
(B) Three types are possible: monarchy, oligarchy, and anarchy,
which is why monarchy is the preferred form of government.
(C) Three types are possible: monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.
Tyranny, oligarchy, and anarchy are merely defective or unpopular
forms of monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy (respectively).
(D) Two types are possible: democracy and anarchy, which is why
democracy is the preferred form of government.
(E) Only one type is possible: monarchy. All other types are merely
forms of anarchy, which is the absence of, rather than a form of,
government.
76 ❯ McGraw-Hill’s 500 Philosophy Questions
8. In his political philosophy, John Locke famously distinguished between
.
(A) divine law and human law
(B) national law and international law
(C) natural law and conventional law
(D) law by consent and law by force
(E) law of the people and law for the people
9. It can be argued that Locke’s Two Treatises distinguishes among four
basic duties. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
(A) A duty to preserve oneself
(B) A duty to preserve others, when this doesn’t conflict with the duty
to preserve oneself
(C) A duty not to destroy others
(D) A duty not to act in a way that conflicts with the happiness of others
(E) A duty not to act in a way that has a tendency to destroy others
10. Locke’s Two Treatises presents a political theory based on .
(A) utilitarianism and divine law
(B) the detailed account of applied politics given in Machiavelli’s
The Prince
(C) anarchy and libertarianism
(D) the ideal state described in Plato’s Republic
(E) social contract theory and natural rights theory
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